肿瘤瞭望消化时讯

Sotorasib联合Panitumumab在KRAS G12C突变mCRC患者中表现出令人鼓舞的疗效

肿瘤瞭望消化时讯

编者按:欧洲肿瘤内科学会(ESMO)年会已于2023年10月20日至24日在西班牙马德里举行。KRAS G12C抑制剂Sotorasib联合EGFR单抗panitumumab对比标准治疗在化疗难治性KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)的III期CodeBreak 300研究(摘要号:LBA10)入选ESMO大会主席专场。CodeBreak 300研究的主要研究者,医学肿瘤学和治疗学研究希望之城综合癌症中心的Marwan G Fakih教授分享了对CodeBreak 300研究的见解。


LBA10 - Sotorasib + panitumumab对比标准治疗在化疗难治性KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌(mCRC):III期CodeBreak 300研究

▌背景

研究者报告了KRAS G12C抑制剂sotorasib (soto)联合EGFR单抗帕尼单抗(panitumumab, pani)对比标准治疗(SOC)在化疗难治性KRAS G12C突变mCRC患者的首个III期研究的主要结果。
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▌方法

在CodeBreaK 300(NCT05198934)全球开放标签研究中,160例化疗难治KRAS G12C突变的mCRC患者以1:1:1的比例随机分配到soto960 mg/kg(每日)联合pani 6 mg/kg IV (soto960+pani,n=53)、soto240 mg(每日)联合pani 6 mg/kg IV (soto240+pani, n=53),或研究者选择TAS-102或regorafenib (n=54)。主要终点是盲法独立中心委员会根据RECIST 1.1的(BICR)审查的无进展生存期(PFS)。次要终点为ORR、DOR和DCR。
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▌结果

该研究达到了主要终点。与SOC相比,soto+pani组均显示出统计学上显著的PFS优势:soto960+pani HR=0.49(95%CI:0.30~0.80;P=0.006),soto240+pani HR=0.58(95%CI:0.36~0.93;P=0.03)。次要疗效终点见下图。在数据截止时OS数据还不成熟。发生率≥5%的3级及以上TRAEs :soto960+pani组为痤疮样皮炎(11.3%)、低镁血症(5.7%)和皮疹(5.7%);soto240+pani组为低镁血症(7.5%)、腹泻(5.7%);标准治疗组为中性粒细胞减少症(23.5%)、贫血(5.9%)和高血压(5.9%)。无TRAEs相关死亡。
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▌结论

KRAS G12C抑制剂联合EGFR单抗治疗化疗难治性mCRC的第一项Ⅲ期研究达到了主要终点,两种剂量的soto+pani均显示出优于SOC的PFS。Soto960+pani在PFS和关键次要终点(ORR、DCR、DOR)均显示出具有临床意义的益处,并且与SOC相比,Soto960+pani具有更低的≥3级TRAEs发生率。临床试验信息:NCT05198934。
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Marwan G. Fakih教授点评

Ⅲ期CodeBreaK 300试验显示,联合sotorasib和panitumumab治疗KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌患者表现出令人鼓舞的疗效。与标准护理期(SOC)相比,多剂量水平的Sotorasib联合panitumumab(帕尼单抗)可改善化疗难治性KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)患者的无进展生存期(PFS)[1]。


Ⅲ期CodeBreaK 300试验(NCT05198934)的初步研究结果已于最近在《新英格兰医学杂志》上发表[2]。截至2023年6月19日,中位随访时间为7.8个月(范围,0.1~13.9),接受960 mg或240 mg sotorasib联合帕尼单抗和标准治疗的患者分别获得了5.6个月(95%CI:4.2~6.3)3.9个月(95%CI:3.7~5.8)和2.2个月(95%CI:1.9~3.9)的中位PFS。960 mg sotorasib联合panitumumab组与SOC组的疾病进展或死亡风险比(HR)为0.49 (95%CI:0.30~0.80;P=0.006)。240 mg sotorasib联合panitumumab组与SOC组疾病进展或死亡的HR为0.58 (95%CI:0.36~0.93;P=0.03)。


这是首个在接受标准化疗后疾病进展的KRAS G12C突变患者中疗效优于标准治疗的Ⅲ期临床试验, sotorasib联合panitumumab在未满足需求的KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌患者中显示出有希望的疗效,可能成为既往标准治疗后出现疾病进展的KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌患者新的标准治疗方案。


虽然这项研究可能为,标准化疗后出现进展的KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌患者,建立新的标准治疗,但其他研究和学者可能质疑,sotorasib联合panitumumab联合标准化疗一线治疗KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌患者的价值。除此之外,正在进行的生物标志物研究将有助于更好地确定患者对sotorasib联合panitumumab的耐药机制,以及克服这些挑战。期待后续研究进一步验证sotorasib联合panitumumab在KRAS G12C突变转移性结直肠癌患者中的疗效。


摘要原文

LBA10 - Sotorasib plus panitumumab versus standard-of-care for chemorefractory KRAS G12C-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): CodeBreak 300 phase III study


Background

We report the first Phase 3 primary results for sotorasib (soto), a KRASG12C-inhibitor, plus panitumumab (pani), an anti-EGFR antibody, vs standard of care (SOC) in patients (pts) with chemorefractory KRAS G12C-mutated mCRC.

Methods

In the CodeBreaK 300 (NCT05198934) global, open label study, 160 pts with chemorefractory KRAS G12C-mutated mCRC were randomized 1:1:1 to soto 960 mg daily plus pani 6 mg/kg IV (soto960+pani; n=53), soto 240 mg daily plus pani 6 mg/kg IV (soto240+pani, n=53), or investigators choice of TAS-102 or regorafenib (n=54). Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review (BICR) per RECIST 1.1. Key secondary endpoints included ORR, DOR, and DCR.

Results

The study met its primary endpoint. Both soto+pani arms demonstrated statistically significant superior PFS compared to SOC: soto960+pani HR=0.49 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.80; p=0.006), and soto240+pani HR=0.58 (95% CI: 0.36, 0.93; p=0.03). Secondary efficacy endpoints are shown in the table. OS was immature at data cutoff. Grade ≥3 TRAEs that occurred in ≥5% pts were dermatitis acneiform (11.3%), hypomagnesaemia (5.7%), and rash (5.7%) for soto960+pani; hypomagnesaemia (7.5%), diarrhoea (5.7%) for soto240+pani; and neutropenia (23.5%), anaemia (5.9%), and hypertension (5.9%) for SOC. There were no fatal TRAEs. Table: LBA10Efficacy by BICR
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CI, confidence interval; DCR, disease control rate; DOR, duration of response; NR, not reached; ORR, objective response rate

Conclusions

In the first phase 3 study for a KRASG12C-inhibitor plus an anti-EGFR antibody in chemorefractory mCRC, the primary endpoint was met and both doses of soto+pani showed superior PFS vs SOC. Soto960+pani demonstrated clinically meaningful benefit across PFS and key secondary endpoints (ORR, DCR, DOR) and was tolerable with lower rates of Grade ≥3 TRAEs vs SOC.

Clinical trial identification

NCT05198934.参考文献
[1]. City of Hope part of successful international phase 3 clinical trial evaluating sotorasib medication combination for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. News release. City of Hope. October 27, 2023. Accessed November 6, 2023. https://tinyurl.com/4bsvpfzr
[2]. Fakih MG, Salvatore L, Esaki T, et al. Sotorasib plus panitumumab in refractory colorectal cancer with mutated KRAS G12C. New Engl J Med. Published online October 22, 2023. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2308795