肿瘤瞭望消化时讯 发表时间:2024-03-12 16:55:56
编者按:2024年美国临床肿瘤学会胃肠道肿瘤研讨会(ASCO GI 2024)于当地时间1月18~20日在旧金山召开。本次会议汇聚了世界各地的顶尖专家,共襄消化道肿瘤盛举,共享学术研究盛宴。北京大学肿瘤医院彭智教授带来的两项研究(摘要号312和317)荣登此次会议壁报展示环节,在国际学术舞台上展示了中国研究者的成果和智慧。在会议现场,《肿瘤瞭望》有幸邀请到彭智教授专访,在采访中彭智教授分享了两项研究的主要内容和对胃癌诊疗的见解。本期整理了相关内容,以飨读者!
肿瘤瞭望:今年ASCO GI会议,您带来的一项关于阿替利珠单抗联合曲妥珠单抗和化疗治疗HER2+局部晚期可切除胃癌或胃食管交界处(G/GEJ)腺癌的研究,请您介绍一下此项研究的研究背景和主要研究结果?
肿瘤瞭望:您带来的另一项研究,ASKB589(Claudin18.2抑制剂)联合CAPOX和PD-1抑制剂作为局部晚期、复发和转移性胃/胃食管交界处腺癌一线治疗的研究,请您介绍一下该项研究的研究背景和主要研究结果?
肿瘤瞭望:您认为您带来的这两项研究对于胃/胃食管交界处腺癌的诊疗有何启示作用?
肿瘤瞭望:请您介绍一下这两项研究的下一步计划有哪些?胃/胃食管交界处腺癌领域,临床上还面临哪些挑战?
对于晚期胃癌,我们目前的治疗手段非常有限。虽然我们有了免疫治疗和即将上市的Claudin18.2单抗,但是进一步优化患者的治疗方案是我们目前和未来非常重要的工作,这也是我们北京大学肿瘤医院消化内科团队开展临床研究的初衷。现在业界有很多针对胃癌的临床研究正在开展中,涉及目前已知的、可及的药物的新组合、新型靶向药、新型免疫药,以及ADC药物等。将来可能对胃癌患者进行进一步分层,让患者接受个体化的精准治疗,进一步改善患者的生存。
研究简介
Atezolizumab and trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HER2+ locally advanced resectable gastric cancer or adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction: A multicenter, randomized, open-label phase II study
背景
方法
结果
结论
A phase Ib/II study of ASKB589 (anti-Claudin 18.2 [CLDN18.2] monoclonal antibody) combined with CAPOX and PD-1 inhibitor as first-line treatment for locally advanced, relapsed and metastatic gastric/gastro-esophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma
背景
方法
结果
结论
ASKB589联合CAPOX和PD-1抑制剂具有可控的安全性和良好的抗肿瘤活性。在后续研究中,推荐剂量为6 mg/kg。临床试验信息:NCT05632939。
摘要原文
Atezolizumab and trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HER2+ locally advanced resectable gastric cancer or adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction: A multicenter, randomized, open-label phase II study
Background:Currently, there are no standard perioperative regimens for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) gastric cancer (GC) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. Furthermore, despite advances in neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy, the efficacy of treatment for locally resectable advanced GC or GEJ cancer remains unsatisfactory. To address this need, we evaluated the effectiveness of adding atezolizumab (programmed death ligand-1 inhibitor) to treatment with trastuzumab (a HER2 antibody) + capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) compared with trastuzumab + XELOX in patients eligible for surgery with HER2+ locally advanced GC or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ.
Methods:Patients aged 18–75 years were randomized 1:1 to atezolizumab + trastuzumab + XELOX (Arm A) or trastuzumab + XELOX (Arm B) and received the regimen for three neoadjuvant cycles (3 weeks per cycle) and five adjuvant cycles. Treatment administration was atezolizumab 1200 mg, trastuzumab 6 mg/kg, oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2?intravenously on Day 1, and capecitabine 1000 mg/m2?orally twice daily on Days 1–14 of each 3-week cycle. The primary endpoint was the pathological complete regression (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints were the objective response rate (ORR) during neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) and the R0 resection rate. Time-to-event endpoints are not reported because of immaturity. Efficacy endpoints were analyzed in the intention-to-treat population. The clinical cutoff date for the primary analysis was 12 March 2023.
Results:Forty-two Asian patients who provided informed consent were screened and randomized to Arm A (n = 21) or Arm B (n = 21); all patients completed NAST. Most patients were male (92.9%), and the median (range) age was 61 (33–72) years in Arm A and 65 (49–72) years in Arm B. The pCR rate was 38.1% (8/21) in Arm A and 14.3% (3/21) in Arm B (treatment difference: 23.8% [90% confidence interval (CI), 1.3%–44.7%]). The pCR rate was significantly better in Arm A than in Arm B (P = 0.079 <0.1; lower limit of the 90% CI >0). Subgroup analysis showed that age <65 years, male sex, and intestinal Lauren classification were associated with a better pCR rate for the atezolizumab inclusive treatment arm (Arm A); however, these results require further confirmation in future studies. No significant difference was detected between the two arms in ORR during NAST or the R0 resection rate.
Conclusions:The addition of atezolizumab to trastuzumab + XELOX therapy was effective in patients with HER2+ locally advanced resectable GC or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ. Clinical trial information: NCT04661150.
A phase Ib/II study of ASKB589 (anti-Claudin 18.2 [CLDN18.2] monoclonal antibody) combined with CAPOX and PD-1 inhibitor as first-line treatment for locally advanced, relapsed and metastatic gastric/gastro-esophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma.
Background:ASKB589 is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) with high affinity and enhanced antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. We report preliminary safety and efficacy data from an ongoing Phase Ib/II, dose-escalation and expansion study of ASKB589 combined with capecitabine, oxaliplatin(CAPOX) and Sintilimab as first-line treatment of G/GEJ adenocarcinoma (NCT05632939).
Methods:The study enrolled G/GEJ adenocarcinoma patients(pts) with CLDN18.2 positive expression. The dose-escalation phase used a 3 + 3 design to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). In expansion, the dose of ASKB589 selected for expansion was based on the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity during escalation phase. Responses were assessed by RECIST 1.1 every 2 cycles (6 weeks). Adverse events (AEs) were graded using CTCAE v5.0. In escalation, pts received ASKB589 intravenously (IV) at doses of 6 mg/kg (n = 3) and 10 mg/kg (n = 6) every 3 weeks (Q3W) combined with CAPOX and Sintilimab. In expansion, all pts received ASKB589 IV at a dose of 6 mg/kg.
Results:As of July 20, 2023, 9 pts were enrolled in escalation. No DLT was observed and thus the MTD was not identified. 9(100%)pts had treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), the most common being nausea (77.8%), hypoproteinemia (66.7%), and hyponatremia (55.6%). While the majority of TRAEs were grade 1 or 2, 1 pt (11.1%) had a grade 3 TRAE (decreased neutrophils [10mg/kg]). In expansion, 26 pts with CLDN18.2 moderate-to-high expression (≥2+ membrane staining intensity in ≥40% of tumor cells) were included in the safety set. 24(92.3%) pts had TRAEs, the most common being nausea (65.4%), vomiting (53.8%), hypoproteinemia (53.8%), anemia (50.0%), fatigue (26.9%) and decreased neutrophils (23.1%). 3 pts (11.5%) had TRAEs of grade ≥3 including hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, decreased neutrophils, fatigue and bone marrow suppression. For the 15 evaluable pts who had at least one post-baseline tumor assessment, 12 pts (80.0%) achieved PR for an unconfirmed objective response rate (ORR) of 80.0%. 3 pts (20.0%) had SD for a disease control rate (DCR) of 100.0%. The PK of ASKB589 at doses of 6mg/kg and 10mg/kg combined with CAPOX and anti-PD1 therapy was consistent with that of monotherapy.
Conclusions:ASKB589 combined with CAPOX and PD-1 inhibitor has manageable safety and promising antitumor activity. 6mg/kg is chosen as the recommended dose in subsequent studies. Clinical trial information: NCT05632939.
专家简介
彭 智 教授
北京大学肿瘤医院
主任医师,博士生导师,副教授消化肿瘤内科
中组部青年拔尖人才支持计划获得者。从事消化系统肿瘤诊治工作,以胃癌的分子分型和个体化治疗为主要研究方向。改变了多项临床实践和诊治指南。现任中国抗癌协会肿瘤转移专委会委员、中国抗癌协会肿瘤精准治疗委员会委员、中国抗癌协会肿瘤微生态专委会委员、中国临床肿瘤学会肿瘤营养专委会委员等。以第一或者通讯作者发表SCI收录论文30余篇。获得包括国家自然科学基金、北京市自然科学基金重点专项等多项课题资助。获得中国抗癌协会青年科学家奖、中华医学科技奖一等奖、中国抗癌协会科技奖一等奖、华夏医学科技奖一等奖等奖励。主译译著一本,获得发明专利两项。