肿瘤瞭望消化时讯 发表时间:2025-02-12 15:58:50
编者按:2025年1月23日,美国临床肿瘤学会胃肠道肿瘤研讨会(ASCO GI)已于旧金山拉开帷幕。在本次大会上,由浙江大学医学院附属第二医院的袁瑛教授领衔的BBCAPX研究公布了其最新生存结果亚组分析数据。《肿瘤瞭望消化时讯》有幸邀请到了袁瑛教授对该研究更新结果进行深度剖析,现将精髓内容精心整理,以馈读者。
袁瑛 教授
浙大二院肿瘤内科主任,
教授,主任医师,博士生导师
教育部恶性肿瘤预警与干预重点实验室副主任
《实用肿瘤杂志》常务副主编兼编辑部主任
第一届中国肿瘤青年科学家奖(2016年)
第三届国之名医·优秀风范奖(2019年)
中国临床肿瘤协会(CSCO)常务理事
CSCO结直肠癌专家委员会 副主任委员
CSCO胃癌专家委员会 常委
中国抗癌协会家族遗传性肿瘤专委会 副主任委员
中国抗癌协会肿瘤临床化疗专业委员会 常委
中国抗癌协会大肠癌专业委员会 常委、遗传学组组长
浙江省医学会肿瘤分会 候任主任委员
浙江省抗癌协会家族遗传肿瘤专业委员会 主任委员
研究简介
背景
方法
研究纳入由多学科团队经组织学评估确诊为不可切除,且具有RAS基因突变和MSS状态的mCRC患者。所有患者均接受信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗、奥沙利铂和卡培他滨的治疗,每21天为一个周期。研究进行了客观缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)以及基于转移部位的亚组分析。
结果
结论
本研究为RAS突变MSS型不可切除的mCRC患者,尤其是伴有肝单器官转移患者提供了一种极具前景的治疗方案。此外,研究者也正在进行该研究的Ⅲ期、随机、开放标签、多中心临床试验(NCT05171660),以进一步分析该方案的效果、安全性和预后生物标志物。
专家点评
占结直肠癌95%的MSS型晚期结直肠癌患者对单一免疫检查点抑制剂治疗并不敏感。当前,与化疗及靶向药物等联合以及对患者进行分类筛选是目前MSS型晚期肠癌免疫治疗研究的重要方向。临床前研究提示抑制血管生成药物可逆转肿瘤微环境的免疫抑制状态,而化疗药物如奥沙利铂及氟尿嘧啶则可杀死细胞促进肿瘤抗原的释放与识别。
BBCAPX研究选择RAS基因突变MSS型肠癌患者,予信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗和CAPOX方案,2024 ASCO大会更新了PFS数据,全分析集的中位PFS为17.9个月,符合方案集的中位PFS为9.79个月,肝转移患者的中位PFS为23.7个月,非肝转移患者的中位PFS为11.5个月。本次ASCO GI更新了OS生存数据,在全分析集中,患者24个月的总生存率为72%,中位OS未达到;在符合方案集中,中位OS为35.5个月。肝单器官转移患者的预后更佳,其中位PFS为25.3个月,中位OS未达到;而其他转移患者的中位PFS为11.5个月,中位OS为35.5个月。肝转移是免治疗疗效不佳的相关因素,在其他实体瘤(如肺癌等)中,免疫治疗联合化疗呈现类似的结果,但Impower150研究在此基础上联合贝伐珠单抗能带来生存获益,在肠癌免疫联合小分子TKI肝转移患者并没有看到有效性。从本次更新的生存数据看,信迪利单抗联合贝伐珠单抗和CAPOX在RAS突变MSS型mCRC中表现出良好的疗效,尤其是肝转移患者,因此,目前正在进行的BBCAPX Ⅲ期研究结果值得期待,此外也需要基础研究解释为何联合贝伐珠单抗肝转移患者获益更佳。
滑动查看摘要原文:
Background:
Although immunotherapy has changed the treatment strategy for many cancers with great success, patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) and RAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) especially with liver metastases have a low response rate to immunotherapy. Sintilimab plus bevacizumab and CapeOX (BBCAPX) has proved its efficacy and safety in above unresectable mCRC patients (1). Here, we report subgroup analysis of updated survival results of this single arm, open-label, phase 2 trial.
Methods:
Eligible patients were histologically confirmed unresectable metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma by multidisciplinary team, and had RAS gene mutation and confirmed MSS status. All patients received treatment with sintilimab plus bevacizumab, oxaliplatin and capecitabine of each 21-day cycle. ORR, DCR, PFS, OS, and subgroup analyses based on metastasis site were performed.
Results:
From April 2021 to December 2021, 25 patients were enrolled. The ORR was 84% and the DCR was 100%. Six (24%) patients including 5 patients with liver single organ metastases underwent surgical treatment and unexpectedly achieved no evidence of disease status. At the data cut-off day (September 13, 2024), patients with liver single organ metastases presented better prognosis. Median PFS was 25.3 months (95% CI, 4.8-NA) in the patients with liver single organ metastases and 11.5 months (95% CI, 4.83-24.3) in the patients with other metastasis. Median OS was not reached in the patients with liver single organ metastases and 35.5 months (95% CI, 9.36-NA) in the patients with other metastasis. The OS rate at 24 months was 72% (95% CI, 56.4-91.9) in FAS. Median OS was not reached in FAS and 35.5 months (95% CI, 11.4-NA) in PPS. 32% patients had at least one grade 3 or 4 TRAEs. No grade 5 adverse events occurred during the study.
Conclusions:
This study provides a highly promising regimen for patients with RAS-mutant, MSS, unresectable mCRC, especially those with liver single organ metastases. Furthermore, we are launching a phase III, randomized, open-label, multicentric clinical trial (NCT05171660) to further analyze the effects, safety, and prognostic biomarkers of this regimen.
1. Xuefeng Fang et al. ASCO 2022.
PFS and OS results of BBCAPX-II study.