ESMO Asia丨MATTERHORN研究亚组分析:度伐利尤单抗+FLOT围手术期治疗亚洲GC/GEJC患者获益与全球人群一致

发表时间:2026-01-05 18:13:11

2025年欧洲肿瘤内科学会亚洲年会(ESMO Asia 2025)于12月5~7日在新加坡隆重举行。ESMO Asia作为亚太地区肿瘤学领域的重要盛会,云集了亚太地区以及全球的肿瘤学专家学者,聚焦于引领亚太乃至全球肿瘤诊疗变革的突破性研究。

本届ESMO Asia年会上,美国纪念斯隆·凯特琳癌症中心(MSKCC)胃肠道肿瘤科主任Yelena Y. Janjigian教授报告了Ⅲ期MATTERHORN研究的亚洲人群亚组分析结果。数据显示,度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT方案在亚洲可切除胃/胃食管交界处(G/GEJ)腺癌患者中,即便面对更晚期、更复杂的病情,仍能带来与全球人群一致的疗效获益,且安全性可控。对此,《肿瘤瞭望消化时讯》特邀Yelena Y. Janjigian教授就该方案在亚洲患者中的疗效数据、围手术期安全性考量及其在亚洲临床实践中的应用前景等关键问题进行深入解读。以下为访谈精要整理,以飨读者。

肿瘤瞭望消化时讯:围手术期度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT方案在亚洲可切除G/GEJ腺癌患者中的病理缓解率如何?是否优于单纯化疗?

Yelena Y. Janjigian教授:本届ESMO Asia大会上公布的Ⅲ期MATTERHORN研究亚洲人群亚组分析数据显示,在纳入研究的亚洲胃癌患者中,度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT化疗方案相较于安慰剂联合化疗,显著提升了病理完全缓解率,高达近19%。该结果与意向治疗人群的主要疗效趋势一致,表明度伐利尤单抗在亚洲亚组患者中的疗效与全球总体人群相当。

Dr. Yelena Y. Janjigian:We saw today at the ESMO Asia Congress that, in the Asian patient population enrolled in the study, the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate with durvalumab plus FLOT was improved compared with placebo plus chemotherapy. A total of 19% of patients achieved a pCR, which is consistent with the results observed in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. The efficacy of durvalumab, as reflected by the pCR rate in the Asian subgroup, is comparable to that seen in the global ITT population.

肿瘤瞭望消化时讯:亚洲患者的围手术期安全性数据(如手术并发症、免疫相关毒性)如何?是否影响手术可行性?

Yelena Y. Janjigian教授:这是一个非常关键的问题,其核心在于度伐利尤单抗是否会降低患者接受手术的可能性。研究数据明确给出了否定的答案:在围手术期使用度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT化疗方案,并未增加手术相关并发症的发生率,其R0切除率与手术完成率也与单纯化疗组相当。这充分证明,围手术期采用此化疗免疫联合方案,并不会影响手术的可行性,这一结论至关重要。更重要的是,该联合方案在疗效上展现了显著优势。无论是在意向治疗人群还是在亚洲亚组中,均能观察到病理完全缓解率、无事件生存期和总生存期的一致改善。

Dr. Yelena Y. Janjigian:That's a great question. The concern is whether the durvalumab compromises any likelihood of surgery in our patients, and the answer is no. There was no increase in surgical complications with durvalumab and FLOT. the rate of R0 resection or complete resection and the rate of completion of surgery was identical. So it was not compromised with perioperative chemoimmunotherapy, which is an important factor. We show improvement in pathological complete response rate, event-free survival , and overall survival both in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population and the Asian subgroup.

肿瘤瞭望消化时讯:基于亚洲亚组数据,该方案在局部晚期胃癌新辅助治疗中的标准化应用前景如何?

Yelena Y. Janjigian教授:在亚洲患者亚组中,研究数据显示,对于非转移性G/GEJ腺癌患者,在FLOT化疗基础上联合度伐利尤单抗能够带来明确的临床获益。该联合方案目前已在美国获批用于术前治疗,且无需进行PD-L1表达检测。基于与日本、韩国及中国同行的交流,我们了解到亚洲多国临床专家也期待将该方案应用于本地G/GEJ腺癌患者。其共识在于,在肿瘤仍局限于原发灶时,于围手术期采用此类化疗免疫联合治疗,有望实现更高的病理完全缓解率与长期生存获益。尤其值得关注的是,中国胃癌患者初诊时分期普遍偏晚,其临床特征与该方案所针对的人群高度重合。因此,对该患者群体而言,这一治疗策略具有重要的临床价值与应用前景。

Dr. Yelena Y. Janjigian:Data from the Asian subgroup of patients shows that the patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma or gastric cancer that are non-metastatic in Asia benefit from the addition of durvalumab to FLOT. We now have approval for this regimen in the United States for use in preoperative therapy, irrespective of PD-L1 status.

I suspect in hearing from my colleagues in Asia, particularly in Japan, the Republic of Korea, but also in China, that they want to give their patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma this regimen.

Because they understand that the likelihood of complete response and survival benefit is higher if you give this regimen to perioperative before surgery, because the tumor is in place and it can really respond better to chemoimmunotherapy. We know that in China, patients present with more advanced stage. so, the patients in China behave almost the way that they do in my clinic, like talking to their colleagues in China. So it's a very good option for these patients.

研究一览

摘要号:270O

标题

度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT方案,亚洲胃/胃食管交界处腺癌患者迎新选择

研究背景

胃癌在亚洲地区的发病率居高不下,显著高于全球平均水平,临床亟需更高效的围手术期治疗方案改善患者预后。此前全球Ⅲ期MATTERHORN研究(NCT04592913)已在《新英格兰医学杂志》发表重磅结果,证实围手术期度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT(5-氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙、奥沙利铂和多西他赛)化疗,相较于安慰剂联合FLOT,可显著提升可切除G/GEJ腺癌患者的无事件生存期。本次亚组分析聚焦亚洲患者,旨在验证该方案在亚洲人群中的疗效和安全性数据。

研究方法

该研究为全球多中心Ⅲ期随机双盲研究,纳入经组织学确认的可切除Ⅱ~Ⅳa期、未接受过治疗的G/GEJ腺癌患者,按1:1随机分配至度伐利尤单抗组(1500 mg,每4周1次)或安慰剂组,两组均联合FLOT化疗(每2周1次,共4周期,新辅助与辅助治疗各2周期),后续分别接受对应单药维持治疗10周期。本次分析重点评估亚洲亚组(日本、韩国、中国台湾)的无事件生存期、中央评审病理完全缓解率及安全性指标。

研究结果

全球948例随机患者中,180例(19.0%)来自亚洲。值得注意的是,亚洲患者相较于全分析集(FAS)具有更具挑战性的临床特征:ECOG体能状态0级比例更高(92.8% vs. 74.2%)、T4期疾病比例显著更高(57.2% vs. 24.7%)、胃癌占比更高(87.2% vs. 67.5%)、临床淋巴结阳性比例更高(77.8% vs. 70.4%)。即便如此,度伐利尤单抗+FLOT组仍展现出更优的EFS获益,风险比(HR)=0.74(95%CI:0.44~1.22),与全球人群结果一致;24个月EFS率分别为72.1% vs. 64.2%。病理完全缓解率同样与全球人群保持一致,未出现显著差异(表1)。安全性方面,两组3/4级不良事件(AE)及因AE中断治疗的发生率相当,未观察到亚洲人群特有的安全信号。


表1. 结果数据


研究结论

MATTERHORN研究亚洲亚组分析证实,度伐利尤单抗联合FLOT方案在亚洲可切除G/GEJ腺癌患者中,即便面对更晚期、更复杂的病情,仍能带来与全球人群一致的疗效获益,且安全性可控。这一结果为该方案在亚洲临床实践中的推广应用提供了强有力的循证医学证据,有望改变亚洲地区G/GEJ腺癌的围手术期治疗格局。

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